外语多媒体设计的语言学思考

A Linguistic Point of View on Design of Foreign Language Multi-media

外语多媒体课件的目的在于提供一种有效的语言教学或语言学习工具 ,它的设计不能够、也不应该脱离语言学理论的指导。然而这个问题尚未引起足够的重视 ,这是导致目前许多外语多媒体课件质量低下的重要原因之一。在语言学视角下 :1)外语多媒体语境即为视听意义上的动态语境 ,动态语境以静态语境为基础而构建 ,但动态语境又具有自己的特点与功能 ,二者应保持语义的一致 ;2 )将外语多媒体的信息载体延伸到符号层面 ,注意符号的能指与所指的对应关系 ,这样可避免对多媒体语境里符号意义的歧解 ,同时有助于其设计与制作走出过分强调技术因素的误区 ;3)认知语言学“典型”与“范畴”理论提醒多媒体设计者注意选择最符合学习者认知模型的表征形式 ;4 )关联原则与最佳语境效果原则为多媒体课件的语用效果提供保证 ,并为其质量评估提供有关的参考。总之 。

The courseware of foreign language multi-media(FLM) aims at providing an effective tool for language teaching or language study. Its design cannot and shouldn't break away from the guide of linguistic theories. However, this hasn't captured enough attention, which is one of the most important causes of inferior multi-media coursewares. From a linguistic perspective, the context under FLM is a dynamic context in audio-visual terms. Such a dynamic context has its unique characteristics and functions. And, if we extend the information carriers of FLM to signs and attach importance to the corresponding relations between their 'signifier' and 'signified', the ambiguous comprehension of the meaning of signs is avoidable. It's also helpful for FLM designers to step out of the misunderstanding of overstating the technological factor. Cognitive linguistic theories concerning 'prototype' and 'category' may tell designers to choose the representations most appropriate to learner's cognitive model .Relevance Principle and Best Contextual Effect Principle offer a useful reference to value FLM coursewares. After all, linguistic theories have an explanatory force to the design of FLM coursewares.