治粟都尉和搜粟都尉与大司农关系考——对《汉书·百官公卿表》大司农两处空白记录的思考

On the Relationship among Zhisuduwei,Sousuduwei and Dasinong

汉代官制中治粟都尉、搜粟都尉、大司农三者之间的关系一直颇有争议。但细考史料可以发现 ,治粟都尉与搜粟都尉在汉代实为不同官职 ,治粟都尉是大司农的另一名称 ,而搜粟都尉本为大司农属官 ,却也一度成为过大司农正官。搜粟都尉职能的转变乃是源于汉代官僚体制与实际统治需要之间的矛盾。而三者之间的关系之所以变得模糊 ,则与班固在选择史料上的倾向性有关。

The relationship among Zhisuduwei,Sousuduwei and Dasinong in the bureaucratic system of the Han Dynasty has been a controversion.Studies on historical materials indicate that Zhisuduwei and Sousuduwei were different government posts in the Han Dynasty.Actually,Zhisuduwei was another name for Dasinong and Sousuduwei was a follower of Dasinong.The change of Sousuduwei's functions resulted from the conflicts between the bureaucratic system and the real demand of rule in the Han Dynasty.The Confusion of the relationship among the three government posts resulted from BAN Gu's ideas on selecting historical material.