“文明体”与“上层结构”:两种视角下的悖论——对韦伯与布罗代尔资本主义观的比较

Civilization and Upperstructure:Contraditions from Different Angles of View——A Comparison of Notions on Capitalism Between Weber and Braudel

布罗代尔与韦伯的资本主义观互相矛盾。韦伯把资本主义看作一个文明体 ,从文化与宗教的角度理解资本主义 ,认为理性化是资本主义产生的关键因素 ,资本主义文明是人类的进步 ;布罗代尔把资本主义当作上层结构 ,从政治 -经济的角度批判性地解释资本主义 ,认为资本主义只是一小部分人的特权。理论预设与分析视角的不同是二者观点分歧的根源。

Notions on capitalism of Weber and Braudel are contradictory.Weber regards capitalism as civilization and he comprehends capitalism from the angles of culture and religion.Weber argues that rationalization is the key factor to the origin of capitalism and that capitalism proved to be the progress of the human being.However,Braudel views capitalism as upperstructure and he critically expounds capitalism from the angle of politics-economy.Braubel says that capitalism is only the privilege of a minority of people.The differences of theoretic premises and angles of view led to the contradictions between Weber and Braudel.