养老金计划私有化问题研究

Privatization of Pension Scheme

自从20世纪80年代智利实行养老社会保障私有化改革以来,国际社会具有自由主义倾向的学者一直在鼓吹私有化模式,中国国内也有学者宣称,私有化已经成为社会保障改革的趋势。目前中国的养老社会保险制度正在进行“统账”分离的试点改革,改革也遇到了许多困难,这些困难可能动摇人们对现行制度的信心。如果缺乏正确的理论指导,养老金制度的选择又将陷入无谓的争论。文章分析了不同文化背景下“社会保障”的不同含义,界定了养老社会保险私有化的具体内涵,澄清了养老社会保险领域关于私有化问题一些似是而非的观点。

Since the 1980s Chile carried out reform on its old-age insurance privatization, some liberal scholars have been advocating the privatization model widely in the world. In China, some scholars also regard privatization the tendency of social security reform. At present, some experimental reform has been carried out by separating individual accounts from social pooling for old-age insurance in China. Many difficulties have been encountered during this process, which may lead to some un-confidence of people on the current institution. The choice of the pension scheme will fall into a pointless argument without correct theories. To solve all these problems, the paper analyzes the meaning of 'social security 'under different culture backgrounds, gives the concrete definition of old-age insurance privatization, and clarifies some plausible questions of privatization.