马尾松种源实生种子园主要性状遗传变异的研究

Study on Genetic Variation of Main Properties of Pinus massoniana at Provenance Seedling Seed Orchard

对建立在安徽省全椒县瓦山林场的10年生马尾松种源实生种子园的主要性状分析表明,参试的17个种源(10年生)其平均高、胸径和单株材积与潜山对照种源相比增益分别为7.6%、11.95%和35.45%;湘赣低山丘陵区4个种源与潜山对照种源相比,高、径、材积增益分别为10.52%、16.15%和50.34%;贵州高原区(含武陵山区)3个种源与潜山对照种源相比,高、径、材积增益分别为10.8%、13.3%和43.17%。结实相关性状如冠幅、冠层厚度,中亚热带种源均比北带种源和对照种源为大,而北亚热带(含对照)种源的结实初期结果率比中带高。通过方差分析,其高、径、材积、冠幅、冠层厚度和球果数在种源间均呈显著或极显著水平,差异显著或极显著。相关分析表明,主要性状生长量随纬度降低而升高,球果数随纬度升高而升高,呈弱度到中度相关,为连续渐变。

Analysis on main properties of 10-years Pinus massoniana at provenance seedling seed orchard established at Washan Forest Center of Quanjiao, Anhui province resulted that mean height, DBH and single volume of 17 tested provenances increased respectively 7.6%, 11.95% and 35.45% than that of the control of Qianshan provenance, that of 4 provenances from low hilly areas of Hunan and Jiangxi increased 10.52%, 16.15% and 50.34% than that of the control of Qianshan provenance, and that of 3 provenances form Guizhou high plateau (including Wuling Mountainous area) increased 10.8%, 13.3% and 43.17% than that of the control. Crown size and thickness of provenances from central plains was larger than that from the northern China, but primary seed bearing was higher than that from the northern China and the control. Analysis of variance demonstrated that evident or very evident difference existed among different provenances of height, DBH, volume, crown size and thickness, fruit quantity. Relative analysis indicated that main increment increased with decrease of altitude while fruit quantity increased with the increase of altitude.