高水平游泳运动员肩关节损伤的特征

Study on the characteristics of shoulder joints injuries of advanced swimmers in China

采用文献资料、问卷调查、访问调查和数理统计 ,对 1999年全国游泳冠军赛和锦标赛的 18个省市代表队 12 0名优秀运动员的肩关节损伤进行调查。结果显示 :我国优秀游泳运动员肩关节损伤高达 4 7.4 % ,且多为训练年限在 6～ 9年的健将级以上运动员。患急性肩关节损伤多为主项爬泳、仰泳或蝶泳的。肩关节损伤的症状不同 ,治疗手段亦不尽相同。损伤的主要原因有局部训练负荷过重、训练水平不够、技术动作不合理等。针对肩关节损伤的发病原因、机理、症状 ,提出预防和治疗肩关节损伤的可行性建议。

By applying documents,questionaire,inquiries and mathe matic statistics,all-round and systematic investigations were made toward 120 elite swimmers belonging to the teams of 18 Provinces and cities in China's swimming tournament and championship contest in 1999.The results show that the rate of injuries to shoulder joints of China's elite suimmers amounts to 47 4% and the injuries are often in their 6-9 training years of those master swinmers The acute shoulder joints injuries often occur on swimmers specialied in the crawl,butterfly and backstroke.There are various callses and symptoms in the different stage of injuries to shoulder joints.Hence the treatments are also different, and partly heavy-loaded training, the training level has not enough, the skill was not reasonable etc.In accordance with the causes of injuries frequcntly occurring to the shoulder joints,some feasible measures are put forward in this paper in order to prevent injuries of shoulder joints.