从微藻中提取多不饱和脂肪酸

A primary study on the extraction and enrichment of the PUFAs from algae

初步探测了用尿素包合法从一种海洋微藻中提取出的脂肪中富集 1 6∶2 ,1 6∶3,1 8∶2 ,2 0∶5 (分别指碳和双键数 ,1 6∶2指十六碳两双键 )四种多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFAs)。海洋微藻富含PUFAs,实验研究得出用无水乙醚和石油醚混合溶剂在体积比 1∶2、温度 2 0℃、提纯时间 5h的实验条件下萃取海藻中的脂肪质量最高。皂化过程选取甲醇作为溶剂要明显优于以乙醇作为溶剂的结果 ,实验确定采用KOH 甲醇作为皂化试剂 ;研究了作为关键因素的尿素在尿素包合过程中的影响 ,得出质量分数为 2 0 %的尿素试验提纯效果较好 ,富集所得的多不饱和脂肪酸总量占脂肪酸的 89%。

The paper primarily explores the extraction and enrichment of four kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are 16∶2,16∶3,18∶2 and 20∶5 fatty acids, (e.g. 16∶2 means there are 16 carbons and 2 double bounds in the carbon chain of the fatty acid), by urea complexion from a microalgae, which is rich in PUFAs. The result showes that the mass of the fat which is extracted from the algae can reach the best result in the following conditions: the ratio of the volume of absolute ether and petroleum benzin is 1∶2, the temperature of the extraction is 20?℃, and the extraction time is 5?h. In the course of saponification we choose methanol as the solvent which is obviously more excel than ethanol. Through the experiment, we decide to make the methanol KOH as the saponifying solvent. The effect of the urea in the enrichment of the PUFAs by urea complexion is also studied, and the result that when the mass concentration of the urea is 20% the purification effect is the best in all the experiments. The enriched PUFAs claimes the 90% of the total fatty acids.