西方科学哲学对“哲人之石”的拒斥立场及其转变

Rejection and Transformation of Western Scientific Philosophers toward Phiosophers' Stone

在西方,科学从哲学中的分化,曾一度是二者一道步入成熟并获得高层次跃迁的重要标志.但在随后的发展中,以黑格尔为代表的思辨哲学铲断了"哲人之石"的科学根基,使哲学发展呈现为特种语言自我建构、自我繁殖的过程;而以孔德为急先锋的科学哲学则将"哲人之石"拒斥在科学大门之外,使科学发展因丧失了人文理性的精神导引而陷入重重困境.正是有感于此,西方科学哲学的现代逻辑主义、历史主义各派才发出了接纳和重建"哲人之石"的呼唤.然而,遗憾的是,这一努力又在西方后现代转向所张扬的颠覆声中,被毁于一旦.

The separation of science from philosophy has once been an important symbol of the two becoming mature and rising to a higher rank together. But in the development, while the speculative philosophyers, of whom Hegel is the representative, uproot the scientific foundations of Philosophers' Stone and make the development of philosophy evolve into the process of self-construction and self-reproduction of particular languages, the scientific philosophers, of whom Comte is the radical pioneer, exclude Philosophers' Stone out of science and cause the development of science to meet with a lot of difficulties on account of lack of spiritual guidance of human rationality.Consequently, different schools of western contemporary logicism and historicism call for acceptance and reconstruction of Philosophers' Stone. Nevertheless, such an effort is ruined in the overthrow boasted by the western post-modemist turn.