塔里木河中游典型地段近三十来土地荒漠化变化及其预测

THE CHANGES TOWARD DESERTLFICATION IN A TYPICAL REGION OF THE MIDDLE REACHES OF TARIM RIVER IN RECENT 30 YEARS

近几十年来塔里木河中下游的“绿色走廊”日益受到荒漠化的威胁。为了研究塔里木河流域,特别是中、下游地区的荒漠化变化与其影响因素之间的关系,本文以塔里木河中游典型地段为例,利用多时期航空遥感资料制图手段及灰色系统方法,得出了塔里木河中游近30年来土地荒漠化变化状况,并对其今后变化趋势作了预测。

Situated in the southern part of Xinjiang,Tarim River is the longest interior river in China. As ariver in arid area,a famous green—corridor developed along it on the Silk Road. In this study,a typical region in the middle reaches of Tarim River was selected for studying the desertification changesand relationship between the changes and influence factors. The analysing results show that the environment has changed a lot toward adesertification during recent 30 years due to the increase of population,farming, shortage of water,etc. The desertification becomes more and more serious and will continue to be worse until 2001. Sand and salt layers have appeared so thick on the ground surface that the land has lost an ability for vegetation. Therefore, the extremely urgent problems are to strengthen the environmental management and develop the new water resources in the south of Xinjiang.The classification system in this study consists of the sanddesertification, saltdesertification, farming land, forest,grassland and others. According to the degree of desertification, sand—desertification and sait—desertificationare divided into four grades:light, middle, serious and super serious.