体外构建与体内构建组织工程的比较研究

Comparison study of tissue engineering bone constructed in vivo and in vitro

目的比较骨髓基质干细胞(MSCs)与生物衍生骨体内、体外复合构建的组织工程骨修复山羊胫骨大段缺损能力,以探讨修复缺损最佳途径。方法制备山羊胫骨中段20mm的骨骨膜缺损,分别植入体内、体外构建的组织工程骨、自体骨及单纯生物衍生骨,分别行组织学、X线观察、骨密度测定和生物力学测试。结果体外构建组材料降解较快,成骨迅速,16周时已可见髓腔再通;体内构建组以上各变化较前者慢2～4周;而单纯生物衍生骨对照组材料降解、新骨形成均较慢;6周时,各组弯曲应力值差异无显著性(P>0.05),12、16周时体外构建组高于体内构建组(P<0.05),体内构建组高于单纯生物衍生骨对照组(P<0.05)。结论体内、体外构建的组织工程骨成骨迅速、量大,排斥反应小;但是体内构建方式成骨较体外构建慢。

Objective To investigate the ability of ripairing goat tibia defect with the tissue engineering bone constructed by marrow stromal cells (MSCs)and bio derived bone in vitro and in vivo,and find the best way to repair large bone defect.Methods The 20?mm tibia defect of goat was made and fixed with plate.They were divided into 4 groups and filled with the tissue engineering bone constructed in vitro and in vivo,autograft bone and bio derived bone differently.They were assessed by histopathological,X ray,bone mineral density examinations and biomechanical examination.Results The group of the tissue engineering bone constructed in vivo degraded quickly,so was the new bone formation.The defects of this group were perfectly repaired at 16 weeks,it was faster than the group of which constructed in vivo about 2 4 weeks.But the new bone formation of group of bio derived bone was slowly.By biomechanical examination,four groups hadn’t statistically significant difference at 6 weeks ( P >0.05).At 12、16 weeks,the effects of biomechanics had statistically significant difference between the groups of the tissue engineering bone constructed in vitro and in vivo ( P <0.05),so was the group of the tissue engineering bone constructed in vivo and the group of bio derived bone ( P <0.05).Conclusion The tissue engineering bone constructed by MSCs and bio derived bone in vitro and in vivo can repair bone defect efficiently and quickly,but the tissue engineering bone constructed in vivo formed the new bone slowly.