构架作弹性体处理时的客车系统动力学仿真

Dynamic Simulation of the Passenger Cars with Elastic Bogies

在SIMPACK多体动力学软件中建立了完整的车辆系统动力学模型,其中构架利用ANSYS有限元分析软件中得到的结构与模态将其弹性化处理,其余主要部件如车体、轮对及轴箱等仍作为刚体处理。通过模拟计算,不仅获得了车体、轮对等刚性处理部件的振动响应,而且得到了弹性构架的结构振动特性以及构架弹性处理对系统各种安全性指标影响特性。研究结果表明,相对于刚性处理,弹性处理对系统垂向振动指标如构架垂向加速度功率谱密度分布、轮轨力以及脱轨系数等有较大影响,而对系统横向振动指标如构架和轮对横向加速度等影响不明显。这种研究方式使得系统动力学研究中刚体与弹性体有机地结合起来。

With the SIMPACK software, the dynamic model of the complete railway vehicle system is established in which the bogies are taken as elastic bodies with the FEM structure and mode and the other important parts such as the carbodies, axleboxes and wheelsets are treated as rigid ones. With time integration, the structural vibration of the bogies and the dynamic responses of the other parts of the car are achieved while the vehicles negotiate curve and run on straight track with stochastic excitation, and the respective influence of the elastic bogie and rigid bogie systems upon the dynamics characteristics and safety indices of the vehicle system is also obtained in this paper. The results show that, in comparison with rigid bogies, the vertical vibration of the elastic bogies is more intensive.