双峰驼头骨(外形)解剖

Dissection of Skull of Bactrian Camel (External Shape)

运用大体解剖学方法,研究了双峰驼的6个头骨,并将其与单峰驼、马、牛、猪的头骨进行了比较,结果表明:双峰驼的枕骨结构复杂,位于头骨后下部;额骨上的眶孔与圆孔合成一较大的眶圆孔;筛骨迷路分为上、中、下三部分;上颌骨无面嵴,面结节也不明显;鼻甲骨分为上、中、下三部分,下鼻甲骨又分为总鼻甲板和两个支三部分;下颌骨上有下颌骨髁下切迹,下颌骨髁上的关节面呈阶梯形。

Six skulls of the bactrian camels were studied with gross anatomical method and compared with those of the dromedary, horse, ox and pig. The result showed that the main characteristics of the bactrian camel's skulls were as follows: the anatomical structure of the occipital bone was complex, which located at the lower and caudal part of the skull; the orbital and rotundun foramens on the frontal bone composed the orbital-rotundun foramen; the ethmoidal labyrinth was made up of three parts which were the superior, middle and inferior; there was no facial crest on the maxilla and its facial tubercle was not evident; the concha was made of the superior, middle and inferior which consisted of the general conchia plate and two branches; there was a mandibula infracondylarial incisure on the mandible; the articula face on the mandibular condyle was in ladder shape