住院患者对护理健康教育的需求及影响因素分析

Needs for Nursing Health Education among In-patients and Influencing Patient Factors Thereof

目的 调查住院患者对护理健康教育的需求及影响需求的因素。方法 采用问卷调查的方式 ,对湖北省武汉市三级医院中住院一周以上的 641名患者实行不记名填写调查。其中男性占 5 4 1 % ,女性占 45 9%。年龄范围 9～ 86岁。内科患者占 5 7 7% ,外科患者占 42 3 %。结果 所有患者对健康教育有不同程度、不用类型的需求。患者对自身所患疾病相关知识有一般需求者为 3 9 9% ,有强烈需求者为 60 1 % ;对自我护理知识有一般需求者为 9 7% ,有强烈需求者为 90 3 %。双向交流教育方法有一般需求者为 46 6% ,有强烈需求者为5 3 4%。对行为训练教育方法无需求者为 1 0 3 % ,有强烈需求者为 3 0 6% ,有一般需求者为 5 9 1 %。对知识灌输教育方法有一般需求者占 60 2 % ,有强烈需求者占 9 8%。性别、年龄与健康教育需求分别呈无关、负相关。丧偶对健康教育需求较少。结论 影响健康教育需求的因素主要有 :年龄 ,文化程度 ,职业 ,婚姻状况 ,疾病分期和从业状态。

Objective To investigate the needs for nursing health education among in patients and relevant factors influencing these needs Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 641 in patients that had been hospitalized for over a week in 3 grade in Wuhan, Hubei Province, males 54 1% and females 45 9%, aged 9～86, 57 7% hospitalized in wards of internal medicine and 42 3% in wards of surgery Results All of the respondents showed needs for different types of health education at different degrees 39 9% of the in patients showed general needs, and 60 1% showed strong needs for the knowledge about the diseases they were suffering 9 7% of them showed general needs, and 90 3% showed strong needs for knowledge about self nursing care 46 6% of them showed general needs, and 53 4% showed strong needs for bi directional education 10 3% of them showed no needs, and 30 6% showed strong needs, 59 1% showed general needs for behavioral education 60 2% of them showed general needs, and 39 8% showed strong needs for instilling education Sex is not correlated with needs for health education Age was negatively correlated with the needs for general health education and self nursing care education (both P<0 05) Those that lost their spouses showed less needs Conclusion Different patient factors and nurse factors influence the needs for health education of patients, especially the patients' age, education level, occupation, marital status, type of diseases, and stage of disease, and the work style of nurse