浅释商周隐逸文化的两种模式

The Explicit Interpretation of two Kinds of Patterns of the Seclusion Culture During the Shang Dynasty and the Zhou Dynasty

良禽择木而栖 ,贤士择主而仕。伊尹、傅说、姜尚之属 ,怀抱利器 ,隐居以择主。非明主礼请不出 ,际遇明主则当仁不让。他们的隐只是一种权宜之计 ,心箭却指向如火如荼的现实人间。他们把隐居生活当作一种实现政治理想和人生价值的手段。而伯夷、叔齐则是直接以隐逸作为政治参与手段的孤傲之隐 ,以其高洁为后世之范。

Birds want to choose good perch,Wise men hope to be assigned to a key post by sagacious monarch.Yiyin, Fuyue, Jiangshang, they were capable and intelligent persons, they lived in solitude to wait for chance, they would not hold a post in the government until the sagacious monarch engaged them courteously.Their solitude living was only expedient,they never gave up paying close attention to the actual society.They regarded the solitude living as a means to achieve their political aspiration and value of life.The others,for example Boyi and Shuqi, took the solitude living as the direct way to participate in the state,their solitude living was regarded as aloofness and arrogance,their noble character was followed in the later ages.