利福昔明对腹泻病原菌的体外抗菌活性测定

In vitro activity of rifaximin to enteropathogens of diarrhea

目的 评价利福昔明 (rifaximin)、环丙沙星对腹泻病原菌的体外抗菌活性。方法 采用微量肉汤稀释法对 14 3株肠道分离病原菌进行利福昔明、环丙沙星 MIC测定。结果 利福昔明和环丙沙星对革兰氏阴性菌 (沙门菌属 31株 ,志贺菌属 2 0株 ,变形菌属 8株 ,致病性大肠埃希氏菌 5株 ,假单胞菌属 6株 ,克雷伯氏菌属 4 ,其他革兰氏阴性菌 4株 ) MIC范围 、MIC50 、MIC90 分别为 1～ >12 8、0 .0 15～ >12 8,4～ 6 4、0 .0 15～ 6 4 ,32～ 12 8、32～ 12 8mg/ L;利福昔明和环丙沙星对革兰氏阳性球菌 (金葡菌 31株 ,其他葡萄球菌 17株 ,肠球菌属 17株 ) MIC范围 、MIC50 、MIC90 分别为 0 .0 15～ 32、0 .0 15～ 6 4 ,0 .0 15～ 0 .0 3、0 .5～ 16 ,0 .0 6～ 1、16～ 6 4 mg/ L。结论 利福昔明对革兰氏阳性菌 MIC范围 、MIC50 、MIC90 均低于环丙沙星 ;革兰氏阴性菌 MIC范围 、MIC50 、MIC90虽然较环丙沙星高 ,但利福昔明在肠道中可达 80 0 0 μg/ g粪便 ,故利福昔明能有效杀灭肠道病原菌。

Objective To evaluate the in vitro activity of rifaximin and ciprofloxacin against 143 clinical isolated enteropathogens of diarrhea. Method MICs were detected by microdilution broth method. Results Range of MIC, MIC 50 and MIC 90 of the rifaximin and ciprofloxacin (Salmonella 31 strains, Shigella 20 strains, Bacillus proteus 8 strains, pathogenic E.coli 5 strains, Pseudomonas 6 strains, Klebsiella 4 strains and other Gram negative bacilli 4 strains) were 1～>128, 0.015～>128; 4～64, 0.015～64; 32～128, 32～128 mg/L in Gram negative bacilli; Range of MIC, MIC 50 and MIC 90 of the rifaximin and ciprofloxacin (Staphylococcus aureus 31 strains, other Staphylococcus 17 strains, Enterococcus 17 strains) were 0.015～32, 0.015～64; 0.015～0.03, 0.5～16; 0.06～1, 16～64 mg/L in Gram positive cocci. Conclusion MIC 50 and MIC 90 of the rifaximin is lower than ciprofloxacin in Gram positve cocci, but MIC 50 and MIC 90 of the rifaximin is higher than ciprofloxacin in Gram negative bacilli. However the concentration of rifaximin is higher than 8000μg/g of stool, it is strong against enteropathogens of diarrhea.