论清末改革中的历史辩证法

History Dialectic under Reform in the Last Years of Qing Dynasty

清末改革包括新政和预备立宪。清末改革的终极目标是为了实现王朝"自救",但事与愿违,不但改革夭折,而且王朝本身也在辛亥革命的风暴中被推翻了。对清王朝来说,这实在是一个十分残酷的悲剧性结局。这种结局蕴含了一个朴素的历史辩证法:主观动机与客观效果并不是完全统一的,它们之间还存在着相背原则。

The reform of the last years of Qing dynasty have the New Deal and the constitutionalism. The aim is to achieve dynasty 'help himself'. But unfortunately. The reform came to premature end, and Qing dynasty was overthrown in the revolution of 1911.It is a very cruel tragic finale. The finale reveal a simple history dialectic, that is subjective motive and objective effect are not uniform, some time they are deviate each other.