美国《统一商法典》(“货物买卖”篇)评析

A Review of Article Two of the United States Uniform Commercial Code

美国《统一商法典》是一个以"商业交易"为调整对象、内容广泛、具有世界影响的综合性商法典,是美国商业贸易领域最重要的法律。一项现代交易自始至终可能涉及到的每一环节中的问题,几乎都可以在其中找到答案或解决方法。因而认真分析和研究美国《统一商法典》,尤其是研究作为其核心和重点的第二篇"货物买卖"篇的主要内容,掌握其具有突出特点的主要条款,既有利于我们全面了解美国的有关法律,并借鉴该法典的立法精神和立法技术来充实、丰富和完善我国合同方面的立法,又有利于对美经济贸易交往,保护国际贸易中我方当事人的正当利益,推动我国的贸易尤其是对外经济贸易的稳步发展。

The Uniform Commercial Code of the United States is a comprehensive commercial code in which it takes the 'commercial transaction' as its adjusting object and it has the extensive contents and the world influence. It is the most important law in the commerce and trade fields of the United States. The problems come from each link related probably to a modern transaction from the very beginning to the end can nearly be found the answers and settlement methods in the Code. Thus a close analysis and study of the Uniform Commercial Code, especially the study of main contents of Article Two 'Sale of Goods' as its core and key point, and the knowledge of the main clauses with remarkable characteristics, are beneficial to a understanding of relevant laws of the United States in a comprehensive way. By using the spirit and the technique of legislation of the Code for reference to strengthen, enrich and perfect the legislation of the contract laws of China, it is also beneficial to such aspects as Sino-American trade transaction, protection of the proper interest of the party of our country in international trade, promotion of the development of trade. The paper makes a comparative study of the main contents of the Article of Sale of Goods and analyses their strong and weak points.