贸易自由化环境中的女性迁移流动及其对生殖健康的影响

Female Migration and Reproductive Health in the Context of Trade Liberalization

贸易自由化引致包括女性劳动力在内的大规模乡城劳动力迁移 ,不可避免地影响着流动女性的生殖健康。通过分析社会经济相关因素以及各级政府管理、服务因素 ,本文认为贸易自由化促进的劳动力迁移对女性劳动者的生殖健康产生一定的积极影响 ;但同时 ,户籍制度的限制、工作生活环境的压力以及生殖健康服务的缺乏也在威胁流动女性的生殖健康。由此提出 :在贸易自由化的环境中改进流动人口计划生育管理和生殖健康服务 ,不但有利于流动女性的健康和发展 。

By attracting more FDI, trade liberalization leads to large scale of migration significantly from rural to urban areas in China, which inevitably brought complicated impacts on the RH conditions of female migrants with both negative and positive effects. Analyzing data in some published surveys, we think that the trade liberalization-caused migration has benefit RH status of female migrants, while the restriction of household registration, non-standard employment condition of enterprises, insufficient official RH service and social security are impairing this 'benefit' trade liberalization brings to RH status of female migrants. Then we discuss pertinent approaches to take sufficient care of RH status of female migrants in the context of trade liberalization.