优质稻核心种质绿珍占8号及其衍生系统的株型和品质理想模式研究

Ideal Plant Type of Core Germplasm Luzhenzhan 8 and Its Pedigree in Good Quality Rice

分别对青六矮 1号→绿珍占 8号→绿源占衍生系统早季性状和晚季性状进行综合分析 ,结果表明 :1)早季产量和食味品质与 15项农艺性状和 9项品质性状均不存在显著相关 ,着粒密度与垩白度、直链淀粉含量、不完善粒率呈极显著负相关 ,与胶稠度、粒型呈极显著正相关 ;2 )晚季产量与结实率、穗长和剑叶长均呈极显著正相关 ,与倒 2叶长和倒 3叶长呈极显著负相关 ,与倒 2叶宽和倒 3叶宽呈极显著正相关。食味品质与垩白粒率和垩白度呈显著负相关 ,与胶稠度呈极显著正相关。主成分分析表明 :1)早季垩白度因子对食味品质有极显著负线性关系 ;2 )晚季穗长因子对产量有极显著正线性关系 ;整精米率因子对食味品质有极显著负线性关系。综合分析结果表明 ,华南籼稻早晚兼用型品种 (系 )同一套品种 (系 )早季种植和晚季种植时 ,大多数性状及其相互关系有显著差异 ,同一套育种材料在早季和晚季的株型和品质理想模式有显著不同。讨论了供试材料品种改良的综合育种指标。

The correlation analysis of agronomic and grain quality characteristics in Qingliuai 1, Luzhenzhan 8, Luyuanzhan and its pedigree showed that:1)In early-cropping season,yield and eating quality (EQ) were not significantly correlated to 15 agronomic characters and 9 grain quality characters; grain density per panicle (GD) was highly significantly negative correlated to chalkiness, amylose content (AC) and imperfect grain(IG), and it was highly significantly positive correlated to gel consistency (GC) and length-width ratio. 2)In late-cropping season, yield was highly significantly positive correlated to seed setting rate, panicle length, flag leaf length, and the width of the 2 nd and 3 rd leaves from the top, while it was highly significantly negative correlated to the length of the 2 nd and 3 rd leaves from the top. EQ was significantly negative correlated to chalky grain rate and chalkiness and highly significantly positive correlated to GC. Principal component analysis indicated that: 1) Chalkiness factor had very significantly negative linear relationship to EQ in the early-cropping season .2) Panicle length factor had very significantly positive linear relationship to yield, head rice factor had very significantly negative linear relationship to EQ in the late-cropping season. Altogether, most characters and their relationship of the pedigree were changed between early- and late-cropping seasons, the ideal plant types of rice between early and late-cropping seasons were significantly different as far as the same set of rice varieties(lines)in South China was concerned. Integrated breeding indices concerning further development of the pedigree were discussed.