草菇耐低温菌株的诱变选育与鉴定

SELECTION FOR COLD-RESISTENT STRAIN BY COMPLEX MUTAGENESIS OF VOLVARIELLA VOLVACEA AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE STRAIN

在草菇V23原生质体形成和再生的最佳条件下制备原生质体。分别用紫外线(UV),60Co-γ射线,硫酸二乙酯(DES)对原生质体进行复合诱变。初筛、复筛获得耐常规低温(4℃)10d的菌株VH。栽培实验证明:VH在26℃下的生物学效率明显优于V23(CK),且差异极显著。同工酶分析表明:VH过氧化物同工酶,酯酶同工酶谱带数量及酶活性均发生变化;RAPD实验显示:VH相对于V23的变异系数为0.213。VH菇体正常,味道鲜美,食用后无毒副作用。氨基酸组成分析表明:除总氨基酸和谷氨酸含量VH高于V23外,其它氨基酸差异不明显。VH遗传性状稳定,是具有潜在应用价值的优良菌株。

The protoplasts of Volvariella volvacea prepared under optimum conditions were mutated by UV irradiation, 60Co-γrays and DES.The mutant VH which could survival about 10 days in 4℃ was obtained. The biological efficiency of VH was higher than control strain at significant difference level. Biochemistry analysis results showed variation existed between VH and control strain on both zymogram and activity of peroxidase isoenzyme and esterase isoenzyme. The mutation coefficient was 0.213 by RAPD analysis. The morphological character of fruiting body was normal, it tasted delicious with no toxicity. Amino acid analysis results showed that contents of total amino acids and Glu were higher than control strain, the others had no significant difference. The strain VH was genetically stable and had potential value.