后殖民主义的历史背景、思想资源与理论特征

Background, resource and characteristic of post-colonialism

后殖民主义的兴起,主要是由于第二次世界大战后东西方关系变幻莫测,具有东方血统和生活经历的知识分子进入西方学术界,冷战结束后民族主义重新崛起,以及经济全球化时代发展中国家对民族文化独立性的追寻。后殖民主义借用的思想资源主要是非洲的殖民主义批评话语,马克思主义的帝国主义理论,葛兰西的文化霸权思想和福柯的权力话语理论。就其基本特征来说,后殖民主义从文本解读入手,着重分析东西方间的文化关系,并表现出超越民族主义的努力。

Owing to the elusive relation between East and West after the second world war,the intellectuals with eastern ancestry and experience coming into western academia, nationalism's renewed rising after cold_war,developing_country pursuing national culture in economical globalization, post_colonialism is appearing.Its resource consists of African anti_colonialism,Marxist theory of imperialism,Gramsci's theory of hegemony,Foucault's theory on knowledge_power.As to its characteristic,by reading text,it analyses the oriental_western culturals,and transcends erstwhile nationalism.