歧义、歧解和用歧的认知问题

Ambiguity and its Interpretation and Utilization

歧义、歧解、用歧既有联系又有区别。歧义是表达上的问题 ,是表达者用一种语言形式传递了多种语言信息的语言现象。歧解是理解上的问题 ,是受话者无意曲解了发话人的言语信息内容的言语现象。用歧是对歧义的利用问题 ,是语用者有意在话语中插入看似有歧义的话语内容 ,以表达深刻、含蓄的语义 ,造成幽默、风趣的表达效果的语用现象。歧义的出现是表达上的语言认知失误 ,歧解的出现是理解上的语言认知失误 。

Ambiguity and its interpretation and utilization are three issues which are closely linked but also differ with each other. Ambiguity is a matter of language expression, in which the speaker expresses several messages by means of one single utterance. The interpretation of ambiguity concerns the language phenomenon that listener unconsciously misunderstands speaker's linguistic message. The utilization of ambiguity refers to the pragmatic phenomenon that language users intentionally use some seemly ambiguous expressions in the speech so as to express deep, implicit meaning or to achieve humorous effect. Ambiguity is a cognitive fault in language express and the interpretation of ambiguity on language understanding, while the utilization of ambiguity is a creative behavior in language use.