论唐人对陶“菊”的接受——兼论“重阳菊”文化意蕴的生成

Scholars’ recognition of Tao Yuanming’s chrysanthemums in Tang Dynasty

陶渊明是中国历史上影响广泛而深远的文化人。菊的清香高洁是陶渊明人格与品德的写照,“陶菊”作为诗歌意象和一种文化语码,是高雅清逸的志趣、旷达疏放悠然忘世的情怀的标志。唐人接受了陶渊明文学作品中“菊”的文化内涵,并将之进一步阐释、光大。唐人几乎言菊必称陶,表达对陶渊明人格精神的认同。唐人在重阳之诗中歌咏“陶菊”,使陶渊明的人文精神融入到传统的重阳节文化之中,进而生成了具有新的文化内蕴的重阳节文化,不仅提升了重阳节的文化品格,也确立了中国文化中“菊”文化的模式。

Tao Yuanming was a scholar with a significant influence in Chinese history. In Tang Dynasty, the scholars not only accepted the endowed meaning of chrysanthemums in Tao Yuanming's works, but also expounded and carried forward the implication of chrysanthemums and established the traditional concept of chrysanthemums culture. The cultural concept and spirit of chrysanthemums are being strongly promoted in various aspects of Chinese culture, especially, in the observational activities of Double Ninth Festival.