明代的备荒仓储

The System of "Storing Food for Famine" in Ming Dynasty

仓储制度是中国古代重要的备荒措施,明代的备荒仓储是对以往历代仓储制度的总结,从资金来源到日常管理都采取官民结合的方式。明政府十分重视仓储制度的建立,多次颁令整顿各地仓储。明代仓储在灾荒赈济中起到了较好的作用,但由于各种历史条件的限制,其弊端也很严重。因此,明代士人已认识到,备荒的关键仍在开源而非节流。

The Storing system is an important measure against famine in ancient China. As a summery of the storing systems of the past dynasties, the policy of 'storing food for famine' in Ming Dynasty adopted the way of combining the officials with people from financial sources and daily management. Ming government attached great importance to the establishment of storage system and issued decrees many times to consolidate and reorganize the storage all over the country. Though playing a beneficial role in disaster relief, due to all kinds of limitations of historic condition, the storing system also had serious drawbacks. So some Ming scholars realized that the key to the system is not storing but production.