中孔材料制备中嵌段聚合物的作用及其研究进展

The Role Block Copolymers in the Preparation of Mesoporous Materials and Progress in Related Research

介绍了嵌段聚合物作为非离子表面活性剂的性质、常用的嵌段聚合物种类,及其作为模板剂合成中孔材料和具有不同宏观形态的纳米级多孔器件的应用。分析了多相体系合成中孔材料的制备条件、反应过程对材料结构和性质的影响,并与MCM-41类中孔材料进行了比较,突出了嵌段聚合物作为超大中孔模板的优势。对嵌段聚合物多相体系的聚合及相行为进行了介绍,并展望了其发展方向。

Characteristics of block copolymers (BC) as non-ionic surfactant, available block copolymers, and their performance as templating agent for the preparation of mesoporous materials were introduced. Advantages of these non - ionic surfactants ionic ones were presented. Nowadays, it is possible to obtain highly controlled mesoporous materials in shapes of powders,films and monoliths. Influence of mixture ratio,reaction conditions on structure and properties of the materials were reviewed emphasizing advantages of block copolymers as templates of mesoporous materials. Since block copolymer templating often involves multiphase process such as micro-emulsion,therefore,aggregation and phase behavior in multiphase solutions of block copolymers were within the scope of the review, especially the synthesis of BC - templated mesostructured oxides. Their physical, chemical and processing parameters must be thoroughly controlled to achieve reproducibility of mesoporous materials. Prospective research on method of synthesis and mechanism was proposed.