新型天然有机高分子阳离子改性絮凝剂的制备研究

Method on preparing new cationic natural organic polymer flocculant

为研发绿色絮凝剂 ,改善水资源短缺现状 ,以天然有机高分子玉米芯准纳米粉 ( QCCP,直径 <0 .14 7mm)为母体 ,用三乙胺与环氧氯丙烷共聚产物为阳离子单体 ( M)进行改性。采用 H2 O2 -Fe SO4 作引发剂 ,制得一种新型天然有机高分子阳离子改性絮凝剂 DXSL- ,确定了优化的反应条件。将 2 .0 g QCCP与含有 0 .7g Na OH的 8m L水混合 ,40℃条件下碱化 60 min。然后 ,加入 8m L 醚化单体和体系总质量 0 .0 1%引发剂以及 0 .1% Na Cl作为抑制剂 ,5 5℃条件下醚化3 .5 h。实验表明 ,用该絮凝剂絮凝处理高岭土悬浊液时 ,不到 5 min中层透光率就能达到 95 %以上。其絮凝性能达到传统絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺的技术指标。此外 。

The present paper introduces the authors' method on preparing a new cationic natural organic polymeric flocculant DXSL-Ⅰ, known as a kind of green colored environment-protecting flocculant. The polymeric flocculant can be obtained by using quasi-corn-core-powder (QCCP, φ < 0.147 mm) as matrix and triethylamino-epoxypropane (short for TAEP) as cationic reagent in a reaction triggered by H_2O_2-FeSO_4. The preparing conditions have been optimized through a series of orthogonal experiments. First of all, 2.0 g QCCP was alkalified with 0.7 g NaOH in 8 mL H_2O ( 0.1ωA)% NaCl as depressor ) at 40 ℃ for 60 min, then etherified with 8 mL TAEP at 55 ℃ for 3.5 h, co-existing with ω (H_2O_2-FeSO_4) 0.01%. The performance evaluation can be carried out by adding drops of flocculant to a turbid solution prepared by stirring 2 g Gaolin powder in 200 mL water. Five minutes later, the transparency of the solution in the midst were quickly to get to 95%, which indicates that its performance could be as good as that of polyacrylamide, a widely used flocculant. In addition, the authors have also analyzed QCCP, alkalized QCCP and DXSL-Ⅰfor their chemical structure and micro-forms through IR and SEM. On the whole, it can be concluded that DXSL-I, as a kind of low-priced and an easily-prepared raw material, is expected to be a promising chemical material with broad prospect of practical use in water treatment.