烷基酚类化合物雌激素效应的研究进展

A Review of Environmental Estrogenic Effects of Alkylphenols

烷基酚类化合物是全球第2大类商用非离子表面活性剂烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的主要降解产物。该文介绍了烷基酚类物质的结构、生物降解、环境中的迁移与分布以及监测、治理等。多种雌激素活性检测方法证实烷基酚类化合物具有类雌激素效应,主要干扰生物体内分泌及生殖系统,特别是对雌激素依赖性器官影响较大,与人类生殖能力下降、生育功能障碍、不育症甚至肿瘤有关。该化合物可结合雌激素受体,模拟或拮抗雌激素的作用,干扰内源性激素及受体的生成和代谢,在细胞及分子水平引起结构、数量、功能的变化,改变细胞周期动力学。烷基酚类物质与疾病的流行病学调查、作用机制有待深入研究,控制和治理该化合物造成的环境污染正加紧研究并逐步实施。

Alkylphenols(APs) , the second most widely used commercial non-ionic surfactants in the world, are the main degradated productions of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs). The structure, biodegradation, transportation and distribution in environment, environmental monitoring and management are reviewed in this paper. Many meaurement methods of APs show that APs possess estrogenoid effects, that mainly disturb endocrinal and reproductive system, especially, estrogen-dependent organs. APs are associated with decreased fertility, reproductive disfunction, inferbility and cancer formation. APs are able to bind estrogen receptors, to imitate or antagonize estrogen effects, to disturb formation and metabolism of endogenous hormones and receptors. APs are also able to change the structure, quantity and function of cells and to disturb the kinetics of cellcycle at cytological and molecular levels. The more work on epidemiological study and mechanism of APs are needed. Management program for controlling environmental pollution caused by APs is being speedily investigated and put into practice progressively. It is necessary to restrict the use of APEs.