摘要
介绍了蒙脱石的结构和基本性质 ,对近年来我国膨润土的活化、改性技术如焙烧活化、酸活化、无机改性、有机改性、交联膨润土的合成和改性机理及改性效果进行了归纳总结。活化改性改善了蒙脱石的微观结构 ,提高了膨润土的吸附能力和离子交换能力 ;对改性膨润土在污水治理中的应用进行了综述。改性膨润土可去除水体中的重金属离子、芳香族化合物、有毒难生物降解有机物 ,还具有脱色、脱磷、除臭等作用。给出了改性膨润土去除水中重金属离子、有机污染物的机理。指出了膨润土在污水处理中存在的问题 ,并展望其应用前景 ,认为膨润土是一种很有前途的污水处理材料。
Structure and adsorption property of montmorillonite was simply introduced.The bentonite modifying methods such as heat-treatment,acid-treatment,inorganic-treatment,organic-treatment,crosslinking modification and the mechanisms resently in China were reviewed in this paper.After modification treatment,the property of montmorillonite was improved,the capacity of adsorption and ion-exchange was increased.Applications of modified bentonite in wastewater treatment were summarized.The modified bentonite has better qualities and ability of decolorization,sweeten and removing heavy metal cations and aromatic compounds and hard biodegradable harmful organic compounds.The mechanism of removing heavy metal cations and polluted organic compounds by modified bentonite were discussed.The unsolved problems and applying prospect of bentonite in wastewater treatment were pointed out and the conclusion is that modified bentonite is a good adsorbent for treating polluted water.
