静脉留置针留置时间的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Indwelling Time of Intravenous Catheter System

目的探讨静脉留置针的最佳留置时间 ,减少血管损伤。方法将种系相同、体重相近的大耳新西兰健康白兔随机分为第 1组 (11只 )和第 2组 (10只 ) ,取兔双耳外侧的耳缘静脉作为实验血管进行静脉留置针输液 ,以相同的速度分别输入 0 .9%氯化钠注射液 30ml,每天 1次。输毕用肝素盐水封管 ,分别保留 72～ 96h和 12 0～ 16 8h后 ,以穿刺点为中心取长 2cm、宽 1cm的活体标本做病理切片 ,观察静脉血管的病理变化。结果第 1组和第 2组中重度炎症发生率分别为 18.18%和 70 .0 0 % ,两组比较 ,P <0 .0 1,差异有显著性意义 ;两组近心端和穿刺点不同程度炎症发生率均明显高于远心端 (均P <0 .0 1) ;两组近心端和穿刺点不同程度炎症发生率比较 ,P <0 .0 5 ,差异有显著性意义。结论静脉留置针保留时间最佳为 96h左右。

Objective To study the optimal indwelling time of intravenous catheter system to avoid the injury of blood vessles. Methods Healthy New Zealand rabbits with the same species and weight were randomly divided into two groups: group A (n=11) and group B (n=10). The veins at the edges of the two ears were taken out as the tested blood vessels for the infusion with intravenous catheter system. Thirty ml of 0.9% NaCl was infused daily once at the same speed, blocked with heparin salt water. The indwelling time of the intravenous catheter system was 72-96 h and 120-168 h respectively. Two cm long and 1 cm wide live samples from the point of puncture were cut into sections for pathological analysis on the venous blood vessels. Results The incidence of moderate-severe inflammation in group A and B was 18.18% and 70.00% respectively with the difference being significant between the two groups ( P< 0.01). The incidence of inflammation in two groups of the point near the heart and the point puncture were significantly higher than the point far from heart (all P<0.01). The incidence of inflammation to varying degrees at the promimal end to heart and the point puncture showed significant difference between two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion The optimal indwelling time of intravenous catheter system was about 96 h.