康复训练对住院精神病病人社会功能的影响

Effects of Recovery-training on the Social Skill of Psychiatric Inpatients

目的探讨康复训练对住院精神病病人社会功能的影响。方法将 97例住院精神病病人随机分为观察组 (6 6例 )和对照组 (31例 )。对照组仅进行常规的治疗护理 ,观察组在此基础上进行系统的作业训练、文娱体疗、生活技能训练、社会功能训练、健康教育 (精神疾病常识、护理常识及心理健康辅导等 )等康复训练。康复训练前及训练 6周后分别采用护士用住院病人观察量表 (NOSIE)、阴性症状评定量表 (SANS)和阳性症状评定量表 (SAPS)进行康复效果评定。结果训练 6周后观察组和对照组的总积极因素和总消极因素评分分别为 (6 3.3± 10 .7)、(2 3.4± 11.6 )分和 (5 5 .4± 8.3)、(37.3± 7.4 )分 ,两组比较 ,均P <0 .0 1,差异有显著性意义 ;观察组SANS评分亦显著低于对照组(P <0 .0 5 )。结论院内康复训练能改善精神病病人阴性症状 ,有效保持和恢复精神病病人的社会功能。

Objective To study the effects of recovery-training on social skill of psychiatric inpatients. Methods Ninety-seven psychiatric inpatients were randomly divided into two groups: observation group (n=66) and control group ( n= 31). In the control group, the patients were only treated with regular nursing method, while in the observation group, the patients were treated by special recovery-trainings (work & amusement treatment, living training, social skill training, health guides, etc.) besides regular nursing treatment. The recovery-training effects before and 6 weeks after recovery-trainings were assessed by NOSIE, SANS and SAPS. Results Scores of total positive factors and total passive factors of NOSIE in the two groups were 63.3±10.7, 23.4±11.6 and 55.4±8.3, 37.3±7.4, respectively(all P<0.01); with the difference being significant between them (P<0.05). Conclusion The recovery-trainings for psychiatric inpatients were effective in keeping and recovering the social function.