吉林西部碱尘的通量与物质特征分析

Fluxes and characteristics of the alkaline dusts in west Jilin province, China

选择吉林西部两个典型地区,抽样采集碱尘样品,根据实测结果对日常形成的碱尘进行了通量测定;依据两个采样点的自然地理状况和实测采样记录,提出了吉林西部碱尘具有两种源区类型的认识,即以大布苏湖为代表的萎缩湖泡型和以姜家甸草场为代表的草场退化型。同时,通过对比分析不同时间和采样点的碱尘通量及源区特征,提出了吉林西部碱尘通量与风力条件、日照条件、pH值、物理性粘粒比例正相关,与植被覆盖度、地表物质粒级负相关。对碱尘元素分析结果表明,Ca、Na元素含量明显偏高,Fe、Al元素含量变化则较大;碱尘组成元素含量由多到少的顺序为:Ca、Na、Fe、Al、K、Mg、Ti,与普通尘暴元素组成有着明显的差别。

Two typical sites of western Jilin province are selected as sampling locations of the alkaline dusts in this paper. The fluxes of the alkaline dusts are measured by means of the field samplings. Two types of source area, namely, degradation of grassland as represented by Jiangjiadian Grassland and fade of alkaline lake or bubble as represented by Dabusu Lake, are proposed according to the local geographical condition and sampling records. It is deduced that several factors as winds, sunshine, soil texture, pH values of the soils and land cover contribute to the changing of the alkaline dust flux in west Jilin, as comparing fluxes and characteristic of different time and source areas. And it is obvious that content of calcium (Ca), natrium (Na) is a little higher than normal dust, and iron (Fe), aluminium (Al) are changing widely among the different samples by means of the results of elements analyzing. Generally, the sequence of elements composition is Ca, Na, Fe, Al, K, Mg, Ti, obviously much different from normal dust.