基因型对烟草钾素营养的响应能力及筛选研究

Study of genotype on response ability of tobacco potassium nutrition and selection

以随机抽取的20个烟草品种为材料,在不同施钾量下,对不同烟草基因型的钾营养性状进行了研究。在本试验每667m2施用40kg钾的施钾量处理下,各基因型间的含钾量变幅高达2.34个百分点,变异系数为24.6%。施高钾、常规施钾、施低钾3个处理烟叶含钾量间极显著相关,与不施钾肥处理的相关性不显著。常规施钾水平下以含钾量2.50%、1.80%为划分指标,施高钾水平下以2.60%、2.05%为划分指标,施低钾水平下以1.90%、1.45%为划分指标,将烟草钾营养基因型划分为富钾、高钾、低钾三类,与贵州土壤、气候等自然条件是相宜的。结果表明熏选择吸收和积累钾能力强的品种是提高烟叶含钾量最有效的措施;富钾烟草基因型的筛选以在常规施钾条件下的烟叶含钾量大于2.5%中选最为适宜。

tobacco varieties were selected randomly for studying different types of tobacco potassium nutrition under different potash rates. The variability in potassium level was as high as 2.34%, with variation coefficient of 24.6% among different genotypes. The leaf potassium contents of the three treatments with high, conventional and low potash rates were significantly correlated, with coefficients of 0.980, 0.941, and 0.937 respectively, but are not significantly correlated with the treatment of none potash rate. The critical values of potassium levels were 2.50% and 1.80% at the conventional potash rate, 2.06% and 2.05% at the high potash rate, and 1.90% and 1.45% at the low potash rate respectively. Tobacco genotypes for potassium nutrition could be divided into three categories of rich, high and low, corresponding to the natural conditions including soil, climate etc. in Guizhou Province. The results showed that selecting tobacco varieties with high capability of potash absorption and accumulation are the most effective measure to increase potassium content in tobacco leaves. The optimum selection of potassium-sufficient genotypes are recommended among genotypes with potassium level over 2.5 percent under conventional potash rate.