农村产业结构调整与湖沼地区血吸虫病传播关系的研究

Relationship between Agricultural Structure Adjustment and Schistosomiasis Transmission in Marshland/lake Regions

目的 为了全面了解农村产业结构调整对湖沼型地区血吸虫病流行的影响 ,提出加速控制以致阻断血吸虫病传播更为有效的防治对策措施和科学依据。方法 选择湖沼渠网型血吸虫病重流行区的两个村作对比研究 ,幸福村进行产业结构调整 ,改造钉螺孳生环境加病人、病牛化疗及灭螺。铁市村按《血防手册》规定进行血吸虫病防治工作 ,作五年回顾性调查。分析血吸虫病与社会经济因素的关系 ,进行 χ2、线性相关和单因素非条件 L ogistic回归处理和回归方程 t检验。结果 对血吸虫病有显著危险因素是年龄、职业、家庭经济收入、文化程度等 ;钉螺自然感染与居民感染率呈正相关 (r=0 .90 7,P<0 .0 1) ;两村人接触疫水按距离远近作横向平行分析 ,两村回归方程有非常显著差异 (t=2 9.15 1,P<0 .0 1) ;试验村比对照村螺情、病情下降幅度大。结论 农村产业结构调整是湖沼地区防治血吸虫病重要措施 ,应在有关部门配合下大力推广。

Objective To understand the influence of agricultural structure adjustment on schistosomiasis epidemic and to provide scientific basis for controlling its transmission.Methods Two heavily endemic villages in marshland/lake regions were compared.In Xing-fu village,the following measures were taken:structural adjustment,environmental reform in snail-breeding sites,chemo-therapy for patients and cattles,snail eradication etc.While in the control village(Tie-shi),schistomiasis control were carried out only according to the 《Hand book of schistosomiasis control》,and 5-year retrospective investigation was made.The relationship between schistosomiasis and socio-economic factors were analyzed,χ 2,linear correlation,mono-factor non-conditional logic regressiow and logic regression equation t-test were analyzed.Results The significant high-risk factors of schistosomiasis were:age, occupation,family income,education back ground etc.The natural snail infection rate and the residential infection rate showed positive correlation (r=0.907,P<0.01).The comparison between the distance of contacting infectious water in the 2 villages showed very significant logic equation(t=29.151,P<0.01).The snail and disease situation in the experimental village(Xing-fu)had a higher decrease than that of the control village(Tie-shi).Conclusion Agricultural structure adjustment in marshland/lake regions is an important measure for schistosomiasis control and should be greatly promoted by the joint efforts of relevant departments.