中国和澳大利亚妇女宫颈涂片检查的影响因素分析

Epidemiological survey of cervical smear among Chinese and Australian women.

目的报告中国和澳大利亚不同人群妇女宫颈涂片的情况及探讨影响涂片行为的因素。方法通过对两个国家3组人群733名妇女的问卷调查,获得既往宫颈涂片的资料,分析受教育程度、职业和婚姻状况等对宫颈涂片行为的影响。结果中国组、澳大利亚中国移民组(下称移民组)和澳洲组妇女的宫颈涂片率分别为16%、83%和95%,受大专以上教育的比例分别为28%、65%和73%。受教育程度和职业与涂片率显著相关,婚姻状况仅在澳洲组中表现出明显的影响效应。结论受教育程度是影响宫颈涂片行为的重要因素,提高受教育水平和对年轻妇女进行宫颈普查的宣传教育,是提高宫颈涂片普查率,降低宫颈癌发生率的关键。

Objective:To investigate the status of cervical smear and determine the correlates of women's cervical screening behaviors among different populations in both China and Australia.Method:A total of 733 women were recruited with 203 from China (Chinese group) and 510 from Australia which consisted of 257 Chinese migrants to Australia (Migrant group) and 253 Caucasian Australians (Australia group). Identical questionnaires in either English or Chinese were specifically designed and were used to seek information from each woman regarding cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for cervical neoplasia in the past. The effect of education attainment, occupation and marital status on cervical screening behavior was analyzed.Results:In Chinese, Migrant and Australian group, the proportions of women with college or above education attainment were 28%, 65% and 73%; the rates of Pap smear were 16%, 83% and 95%, respectively. There were significant relationships between level of education, occupation classification and the rates of cervical smear in combined populations, and marital status presented a significant affection on the rate of cervical smear in Australian group. Australian women were far more likely to have had abnormal Pap smear results.Conclusion:The education attainment is an important factor for affecting women's cervical smear behavior and the difference in rates of cervical smear may contribute to the difference in incidence of cervical cancer in both countries. Cervical screening program should be focused on enhancing education and carried out more frequently among young women.