头针治疗小儿脑性瘫痪文献述评

Review of Literature on the Treatment of Infantile Cerebral Palsy by Scalp Acupuncture

头针疗法在小儿脑性瘫痪临床上得到广泛应用 ,主要有焦氏头针、汤氏头针、靳氏头针以及林氏头针等流派。本文对近年来发表的文献进行整理 ,对各头针体系穴位构成的理论基础及其应用特点进行了探讨。发现 :(1)穴区分布与构成所依据的理论有中医藏象 ,以及现代医学脑功能定位与神经生理学理论之差异。 (2 )不同流派配穴理论、进针层次、行针手法、留针时间等各有特点。 (3)在头针体系的选择方面 ,总体表现出以某一流派为主的特点 ,但也有将两种或两种以上的方法组合应用的情况。为提高小儿脑性瘫痪领域头针临床水平 ,使其应用更趋规范 ,在临床研究中亟需通过严格的科研设计 ,对不同头针体系的组合应用模式、施术方案等进行比较观察。

Scalp acupuncture has been widely applied to clinical treatment of infantile cerebral palsy. It mainly includes Jiao's, Tang's, Jing's and Lin's schools of scalp acupuncture. This article arranges literature published in recent years and discusses the theoretical basis for point formation and its practical characteristics in different systems of scalp acupuncture. It has been found: (1) The theory on which the distribution and formation of point areas were based is different, including Zang Xiang, and cerebral function location and neurophysiology in modern medicine. (2) The theory about point prescription, the depth of needle insertion, needling manipulation and the time for needle retention have different characteristics in different schools. (3) In the selection of scalp acupuncture system, generally one school was used as a main method, but in some cases two or more methods were also combined for use. To improve the clinical effect of scalp acupuncture on infantile cerebral palsy and further standardize its application, strict and scientific design and comparative observation of the combined application modes and performing procedures in different systems of scalp acupuncture are urgently needed in clinical research.