柴油机曲轴断裂原因新析

A New Viewpoint on the Cause of Fracture of Diesel Crankshaft

针对柴油机曲轴断裂的原因 ,提出了一种新见解———“油楔力”的作用是加速曲轴断裂的一个主要原因。指出“初始裂纹”是曲轴断裂的危险信号 ;交替变形产生的交变负荷是“油楔力”能量的来源 ;“油楔力”的作用使裂纹加速扩展 ,从而导致曲轴载荷截面尺寸不足而发生突然折断 ,使曲轴断裂发生在材料疲劳破坏之前。消除初始裂纹是曲轴安全运转的保证。

In this paper,a new viewpoint on the cause of fracture of a diesel crankshaft is put forward,i.e.it is considered that the effect of 'oil wedge pressure'is a main cause to accelerate fracture of a crankshaft.It is pointed out that a initial cracks are a dangerous signal to indicate crankshaft fracture,the alternating load is the source of energy of the oil wedge pressure,and the effect of the oil wedge pressure contributes to crack's expansion and reduces the cross section area of the crankshsft so as to leads to its breakdown before its material fatigue occurs.To check out and eliminate initial cracks in time is an assurance for safe running of a crankshaft.