不同养老模式的养老成本及成本—效用分析

On the Cost and Cost-Utility of Different Models Provided for the Aged People

目的 了解家庭养老和机构养老 2种养老模式的养老成本 ,对养老成本及成本—效用进行分析 ,探索适合中国国情的养老模式 ,为政府对老年设施的投资提供参考依据。方法 采用分层定额抽样的方法 ,分别调查家庭、机构老人的个人特征 ,慢性病患病情况 ,养老成本等 ,采用生命质量总评分作为效用指标 ,用F检验、t检验和多元回归方法进行统计分析。结果 机构养老成本比家庭养老成本高 ;老人的健康状况越差、个人月均收入越高、年龄越大 ,无论是家庭养老还是机构养老 ,其养老成本越高 ;生命质量各领域得分及总分与养老成本花费之间呈负相关。家庭养老的成本—效用优于机构养老 (F =5 2 2 0 2 ,P =0 0 0 0 )。结论 大力发展以家庭养老为主的综合性社区养老服务 ,是降低养老成本 。

Objective To understand the cost and utility of different models provided for the aged people and to provide evidence for valid investment of facilities for elders. Method The purpose sampling was used and the data of personal characteristics, chronic condition, cost and utility were collected. The short form 12 was used to assess the quality of life of 1064 aged people in families and organizations in Chengdu city. The t-test, F-test and multivariate regression methods were used to analyze data. Result The cost provided by organization was higher than that by family. Chronic condition, personal income, and age remained to be correlated with the cost. The cost-utility of family is better than that of organization. Conclusion The key steps to bring down cost of providing for the elders and promote the utility (quality of life) of the elders is to developing the comprehensive community service for the elder.