半纤维素发酵生产燃料乙醇的研究进展

Research Progress of Hemicellulose Fermentation to Produce Fuel Alcohol

将半纤维素转化成燃料酒精时,必须先转化成小分子的半纤维素糖,之后发酵成酒精。预处理是关键工艺,酶解前用CO2爆破法对纤维物质进行预处理效果很好;酶解前用稀酸预处理可将半纤维素和淀粉转化为单糖,而剩余的纤维素成分可用纤维素酶将其水解为小分子糖,该法是一种很好的将玉米纤维转化为可发酵糖的工艺。应用代谢工程作为工具选育一些菌株,可有效而经济地将半纤维素水解液中的各类糖类转变为有用的产物。(陶然)

Before the conversion of hemicellulose into fuel alcohol,hemicellulose must firstly be converted into micromolecule hemicellu-lose sugar and then into alcohol through fermentation.During the conversion,pretreatment was a key technique.CO 2 blasting method applied in pretreatment before enzymolysis could achieve satisfactory effects.Diluted acid pretreatment before enzymolysis could convert hemicellulose and amylum into monose,and the residual cellulose components could be hydrolyzed into micromolecule sugar by cellu-lase.It proved a good technique for the conversion of corn cellulose into fermentable sugar.And some strains developed by the means of metaboly work could effectively and economically convert varieties of sugar in hemicellulose digest into useful product.(Tran.by YUE Yang)