干眼模型的建立方法及评价

The execution and evaluation to several dry eye models

干眼是一类非常常见的眼表疾病 ,理想的干眼模型对于干眼的研究具有重要的价值。目前 ,已有多种建立干眼动物模型的方法 ,如通过药物作用、改变动物性激素分泌水平、去除泪腺或眼表的神经支配、诱导泪腺产生自身免疫反应、手术摘除泪腺及手术封闭睑板腺开口等均可制作出干眼模型。这些干眼模型归纳起来主要有泪液缺乏型干眼及蒸发过强型干眼两大类型。常用于制作干眼模型的动物主要有兔、狗及鼠等 ,此外 ,还有使用猫、恒河猴、貂及马等制作干眼模型的报道。对几种常见的干眼模型的制作方法及其优缺点作一简要的综述。

Dry eye is the most common ocular surface diseases.An ideal animal model is very important to the research of this disorder.Many animal models have been established using some methods such as cauterisation of the excretory duct of lacrimal glands,surgical removal of the nictitating membrane and harderian gland,closure of the Meibomian gland orifices,desiccation of the ocular surface by holding the eyes open with a blepharostist for 1-3 hours,dacryoadenitis-induced autologous lacrimal-lymphoid mixed-cell reactions.Rabbit,canine and mice are the most common animals of dry eye models.Familiar dry eye model’s execution and characteristic are briefly introduced.