高山杜鹃的组织培养快速繁殖技术研究

STUDY ON RAPID PROPAGATION OF Rhododendron lapponicum

以德国产高山杜鹃的茎段和茎尖进行外植体诱导试验 ,结果显示 ,茎外植体诱导无菌芽效果较好 ,诱导率达 5 0 .0 %。分别比较了不同培养基对外植体诱导、丛生芽增殖及试管苗生根的效果 ,结果表明 ,外植体诱导的适宜培养基是 1/ 4MS +MS铁盐 +维生素B50 .2mg/L +KT1.0mg/L +水解乳蛋白 (CH) 30 0mg/L +蔗糖30 g/L ;丛生芽增殖的适宜培养基是 1 2MS +KT0 .5mg L +水解乳蛋白 (CH) 30 0mg/L +蔗糖 30 g/L ;生根培养基则以 1 2MS +NAA5mg/L +蔗糖 2 0 g/L +活性炭 0 .5 %为宜。试管苗经假植炼苗培育成穴盘苗再移栽定植 ,可确保种苗质量 ,经穴盘培育的高山杜鹃试管苗 ,上盆移栽存活率达 10 0 %。

The stem apexes and shoots of Rhododendron lapponicum from Germany were used as explants, and the experiment of inducing the plant regeneration was carried out.The results showed that stem shoots had a better effect than that of the stem apexes on inducing the plant regeneration and the inductivity reached 50%.The comparison of the effects of different media on the explant induction,the proliferation of clump sprouts and the test-tube plantlet rooting showed that the best medium for explant induction was 1/4MS+ferric salt (MS)+0.2mg·L -1vitamin B 5+1.0mg·L -1KT+300mg·L -1CH+30g·L -1sucrose,the best for proliferating clump sprouts was 1/2MS+0.5mg·L -1KT+300mg·L -1CH+30g·L -1sucrose,and the best medium for the plantlet rooting was 1/2MS+5mg·L -1NAA+20g·L -1sucrose+activated charcoal 0.5%. The test-tube plantlets were temporarily planted by tray method and then set out, which could improve the quality of the plantlets and make their survial rate reach nearly 100%.