青花菜花球黑茎病发生的影响因素初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING OCCURRENCE OF BLACK-STEM DISEASE IN BROCCOLI HEAD

通过实施不同土壤肥力条件、施硼与否以及不同施硼方式、不同栽培品种和采收时期等田间试验处理 ,研究了这些因素对青花菜 (BrassicaoleraceaL .var.italicaPlench)花球黑茎病发生的影响 ,结果提示该病可能属病理性病害 ,在生产中应注意保持土壤较高肥力 ,将有助于降低黑茎病发生和危害 ,此时不做施硼推荐 ;而在较低土壤肥力条件下 ,追施硼肥可降低此病危害。此病对不同品种间的危害不同 ,可考虑进一步鉴定筛选品种间的抗、耐病差异 ,选用抗、耐病品种。另外 ,适当推迟播种期 ,相应延长采收期可能有利于降低黑茎病危害。

The field trails with various treatment including different soil fertility, with or without boron application and its application methods, different varieties and different harvest time were conducted to study the effects of these affecting factors on the occurrence of black-stem disease in broccoli head. The results suggested that this disease could be a pathological disease and a higher soil fertility would be helpful to reducing the occurrence and harm of black-stem disease in which the boron application was not recommended; when the soil fertility was lower, the boron application was helpful to reducing the occurrence and harm of black-stem disease. The disease caused different harm on different varieties. In addition, appropriately postponing the planting time and correspondingly prolonging harvest time could be beneficial to reducing the harm of black-stem disease.