普通外科病房医院感染292例分析

Analysis of nosocomial infections in surgical wards: 292 case report

目的:了解普通外科病房医院感染发生率及病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法:对我院2001年1月至2003年6月间普通外科5 324例住院病例进行回顾性研究。结果:292例发生医院感染,发生率为5.5％。感染患者中死亡41例,占医院感染14％。在医院感染中60岁以上老年患者占56.8％。感染部位依次为下呼吸道(占43.4％),手术切口(占12.5％),泌尿道(占11.6％)。感染致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占56.2％;23.1％为金黄色葡萄球菌;7.3％为自念珠菌。各种病原菌对多种抗菌药物耐药。结论:细菌谱和耐药性的监测对控制外科病房医院感染的发生有重要意义。必须采取综合防治措施,降低外科医院感染发病率。

Objective: To study the incidence of nosocomial infections in general surgical wards and antimicrobial resistance of common isolates. Methods: A retrospective analysis was done in hospitalized patients in surgical wards of our hospital from 2001 to 2003. Results:Of 5 324 patients studied,292(5. 5%)had nosocomial infections. Among these 292 patients, 56. 8% were elderly patients,41( 14%)patients died. The most common nosocomial infection was low respiratory tract infections (43. 4%) , followed by surgical incision infections(12. 5%)and urinary tract infections (11 ,6%). The most common pathogens isolated were gram-negative bacilli(56. 2%) ,Staphylococcus aureus(23. 1 %)and Candida albicans (7. 3%). These organisms were resistant to most commonly used antimicrobials. Conclusions: Surveillance of pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns is important for the control of nosocomial surgical infections.