SARS与普通肺炎的临床特征对比分析

Comparative Study of Clinical Characteristics between Patients with SARS and Classic Pneumonia

目的:对SARS与普通肺炎的临床特征进行对比分析。方法:以122例SARS和95例普通肺炎病例为对象,比较两组病例的流行病学、临床特征、实验室检查和影像学检查等资料的差异。结果:SARS组和对照组的气促(118/122 vs 38/95,P<0.01)和全身酸痛(53/122 vs 12/95,P<0.01)出现率、平均发热持续时间(9.46±8.10)d vs (6.15±7.12) d(t=2.829 d,P<0.01)、出现低氧血症的例数(45/122 vs 19/95,x^2=7.32,P<0.01)、病灶高峰时平均受累肺叶数(2.20±1.6)d vs (1.01±0.96) d(t=3.088,P<0.01)和平均病程(25.9±15.0)d vs (17±13.2) d(t=4.622,P<0.001)以及并发症出现例数(37/122 vs 16/95,x^2=5.26,P<0.05)均有显著或极显著性差异。结论:与普通肺炎病例相比,SARS病例的发热、气促和全身酸痛等症状及低氧血症更明显,同时,病灶范围更为广泛,并发症、脏器功能损害的出现率更高。

Objective: To investigate and study comparatively the clinical characteristic between patients with SARS and classic pneumonia. Methods: 122 patients with SARS and 95 patients with classic pneumonia were retrospectively studied. The data on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests and x-ray detections of the two groups were compared. Results: The rates of patients with dyspnea and body ache in group SARS were higher than those in group classic pneumonia(P<0.01, P<0.01). There were markedly difference in average duration of fever (9.46±8.10) days vs (6.15±7.12) days (t=2.829, P<0.01), number of patients with hypoxemia(45/122 vs 19/95 x^2=7.32, P<0.01), complications (37/122 vs 16/95, x^2=5.26, P<0.05), lobes affected (2.20±1.6 vs 1.01±0.96, t=3.088, P<0.01) and course of diseases (25.9±15.0) days vs (17.04±13.18) days (t=4.622, P<0.001) between patients with SARS and classic pneumonia. Conclusions: The symptoms of fever, dyspnea body ache and hypoxemia in patients with SARS were severer than those in patients with classic pneumonia. There were larger scale of foci in lungs and higher rate of complications and dysfunction of organs in patients with SARS.