日本企业集团规模经济分析

Trend of Restructuring World Industrial Structure(Ⅰ)

战后,在日本经济恢复和高速发展的过程中,由于日本政府产业政策以及日本社会、历史、文化等诸多因素的相互作用,形成了既不同于战前的财阀,又有别于欧美垄断大企业的独特的垄断形态和组织——企业集团。日本企业集团可分为六大企业集团和独立系企业集团两大类。前者包括三菱、三井、住友、芙蓉、三和、第一劝业银行等。后者的界定标准尚不统一,权威的《东洋经济·企业系列总览》1991、1992年版均确定为40个。企业集团是战后日本经济发展的主力,无论是资本额、利润率、生产规模和能力。

This article holds that the world economy is coming into a turning period in which the Second Industrial Revolution is developing toward the Third Industrial Revolution. The outstanding feature of this period is the restructure of industrial structure. Using pratical and realistic methods, the authors try to describe the trend of restructuring world industrial structure and make suggestions on the rebuilding of China's industrial structure. This article con sists of three parts: the feature of the change of wlrld industrial structure and the access to its restructuring; the policies of reconstructing oversea industrial structure; challenges facing China's industrial structure and the relevant policies.