日语古语中的相对语义共词现象

Two Opposite Meanings of a Word in Ancient Japanese

相对语义共词现象是指一个词本身具有相反或相对语义的现象.这一语言现象虽然特殊,但却普遍地存在于各种语言之中.日语中,尤其是古语中也存在这种语言现象.本文对日语古语中相对语义共词现象进行了考察,通过考察发现,这些词大多都是在漫长的语言生活中通过词义的扩大、缩小、变迁而形成的.这种看似无理的语言现象其实都是顺理成章地形成的.

The phenomenon that a word has two opposite meanings is special,however,it widely exists in most of the languages.It also existed in ancient writings of Japanese.This article focuses on the explanation of the phenomenon.After studying,the author comes to a conclusion that during the long history of the development of languages,the meaning of a word may be expanded,contracted or changed,so this phenomenon appears.Although it may confuse many people,it exists and can not be ignored in the process of studying a language.