对妇科术前病人进行心理干预效果的研究

A study on effect of psychological intervention for gynecological preoperative patients

[目的 ]了解病人术前心理需求 ,探讨心理干预对围手术期应激作用及对术后恢复的影响。[方法 ]随机将 13 6例妇科手术病人分为对照组与观察组 ,先用自设的问卷调查病人的心理需求 ,然后对照组按常规手术准备 ,观察组根据病人心理需求 ,应用信息疗法、矫正认知、松弛训练等心理学方法进行心理干预 ,观察两组病人心率、血压、疼痛程度及术后恢复情况。 [结果 ]观察组病人围手术期心率、血压的改变明显低于对照组 ,术后 6h疼痛心理评分明显低于对照组 ;术后肠蠕动恢复及下地时间较对照组明显缩短。 [结论 ]对妇科术前病人 ,根据心理需求进行心理干预 ,可减轻病人围手术期的应激反应 ,促进术后康复。

Objective: to know psychological requirement of patients before operation, to probe into the effect of psychological intervention on stress action of patients during operation and postoperative recovery of them. Method: a total of 136 patients were randomly divided into test and control group. All subjects were asked to fill out self-made questionnaires to get information about their psychological requirements in advance. Then patients in control group were given preoperative preparation as routine. While patients in test group were given psychological intervention such as communication therapy, correcting recognition and relaxing exercise. Indexes including heart rate, blood pressure, pain degree and recovery after operation of both groups patients were observed. Result: changes of both heart rate and blood pressure of test group patients in peri-operative period were remarkably less than that of control group. Pain psychological score of test group patients 6 hours after operation was obviously lower than that in control group. In terms of postoperative recovery of enterocinesia and the time getting out of bed to move around, patients in test group were earlier than that in control group. Conclusion: to provide psychological intervention to preoperative gynecological patients to meet their psychological demands can lessen the peri-operative stress reaction of them and promote their recovery from illness.