铅对果蝇性活力及寿命影响的实验研究

Effect of lead on sexual vitality and life span of drosophila melanogaster

目的 研究铅对果蝇性活力、寿命及脂质过氧化过程的影响。方法 采用Oregon K品系黑腹果蝇,在培养基中掺入50、100、200、400 mg/kg的铅,观察果蝇交配潜伏期、交配持续时间,F1代雌、雄性果蝇数目并称重;记录果蝇的生存天数;测定果蝇体内丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。结果 经铅染毒处理后,果蝇的交配持续时间明显缩短,其繁殖的子代(F1代)果蝇数目减少,体重减轻;各染毒组体内SOD活力比对照组降低,MDA含量升高,雄性和雌性果蝇200、400 mg/kg剂量组与对照组比较,差异均有非常显著性意义;雌、雄性果蝇200、400 mg/kg剂量组的最高寿命天数及平均寿命天数比对照组缩短,差异有显著性意义。结论 铅对果蝇的交配行为及子代的生长发育有不良的影响,长期摄食过量的铅加速果蝇的衰老过程,其作用机制可能与铅诱发的抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化的失衡有关。

Objective To study the effect of lead on sexual potency ,life span and lipid peroxidation of Drosophila melanogaster. Methods Drosophila melanogaster of the wild Oregon K was poisoned by ad Libitum ingestion of Fb2* at the concentrations of 50,100, 200,400 mg/kg in their food. The time of mating latency and mating duration, with both number and weight of their first filial generation (F1) were observed. Lifetime was recorded daily. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected in the tissue homogenates. Results The time of mating duration became shorter after lead poisoning. The number of the first filial generation(F1) was obviously decreased. Their weights were also lower than those in the control group. SOD activity decreased and MDA contents increased significantly in the groups of 200, 400 mg/kg, as compared with the male and female control groups respectively. The life span in the groups of 200, 400 mg/kg was shortened significantly. Conclusion The result showed that lead can adversely affect the mating behaviour, fertility, and growth of Drosophila melanogaster. The long-term overdose ingestion of lead can also enhance the aging progress. The lead-induced imbalance between antioxidation and lipid peroxidation may be one of the factors that cause aging and other adverse effects.