从《伊川击壤集》看邵雍的风月情怀

On Shao Yong's ″Wind and Moon-Scene Feelings″ Based upon YiChuan Ji Rang Ji

“风月情怀”是指一种与自然相契合的审美意识和诗化的生活作风 ,从其中包含的形而上的追求而言 ,它又是与道合一的生命体验。欢乐之情是邵雍风月情怀的精神性内核和情感主导趋向。具体说来 ,邵雍的欢乐之情有三个层面的内涵 ,即他在《伊川击壤集序》中所说的“自乐”、“乐时”与“(乐 )万物之自得”。“自乐”即隐居生活中的安闲之乐 ,它与“乐时”有着密切的关联。而“(乐 )万物之自得”是一种本体之乐 ,它既是审美情感 ,又是情感的超越。

Shao Yong's ″wind and moon-scene feelings″ is not only an aesthetic conception agreeing with nature, but a poetic life style. In terms of philosophical notion, ″wind and moon-scene feelings″ is a kind of life experience conjoined with Tao. Shao Yong's life style of self enjoyment has made his moral life harmonious with his daily life, and enabled his poems to express a kind of emotional relaxation, perceptual extension and transcending of Confucian doctrines. In Yi Chuan Ji Rang Ji, Shao Yong's ″wind and moon-scene feelings″ is expressed in his aesthetic choice of natural scenes. The natural images written mostly in this anthology are about such common natural scenes in daily life as a cool breeze, the bright moon, beautiful birds and flowers, green grass, flowing water and weeping willows, which, as aesthetic objects, are characterized by purity, freshness and vitality. Shao Yong's ″wind and moon-scene feelings″ includes his unconstrained personality, which reveals his living feature that he detests overcautiousness, loves freedom and likes simplicity. Besides what others enjoy in natural beauty, Shao Yong has a pleasure in enjoying natural wonders and in finding truth in all of God's creation. The aesthetic views as expressed in Shao Yong's poems manifest the vitality of the universe, and reveal the developing course of his consciousness of life and his eternal state of mentality. In quite a few poems, Shao Yong's ″wind and moon-scene feelings″ is transferred up to be a happy life realm and characterized by moral aesthetic feeling of self-satisfaction and self-confidence and happiness. These feelings have combined kindness with beauty, which is as his whole life experience. Happiness is the core of Shao Yong's ″wind and moon-scene feelings″. As speaking specifically, Shao Yong's happiness contains meaning falling into three levels: ″Self-pleasing″, ″times happiness″ and ″enjoying all things″. ″Self-pleasing″, closely connected with ″times happiness″, is the idle happiness in a secluded life, while ″enjoying all things″ is a being happiness that is an aesthetic feeling as well as a transcendental emotion, namely the highest realm of life. Shao Yong's ″wind and moon-scene feelings″ is a multi-layer dimensional structure, of which it includes natural images enjoyment, molding of inner personality, expression of vitality of the universe and enlightenment from inspiration of self. In Yi Chuan Ji Rang Ji, from the low-level of enjoying the scenery to the high-level of realizing the truth of the universe, all finds its way to Tao and shows philosophical aesthetics realm. With the view of Shao Yong conducting himself, he had character and morals of being aloof and inaction and self-pleasing. Just like Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi, his academic individuality and personal charm are fully embodied in his works, thus realizing conversion from a writer's personality to his works' quality. Shao Yong explained Tao with his poems and created poetic New Confucianism.