舍尔的意向性理论

美国语言哲学家约翰·舍尔对英国哲学家奥斯丁的言语行为理论做出了进一步的发展。言语行为的理论认为语言哲学归根结底是心智哲学的一个分支 ,因为言语行为仅是人类行为的一种形式 ,是人类将自身与外部世界联系的心智能力的一个具体实例。意向性是研究这种心智能力的关键因素 。

John R. Searle is an American professor of philosophy, well known for his speech act theory, which is a systemization and development of British philosopher J. L. Austin's original idea. But behind the speech act theory lies the assumption that the philosophy of language is in the end a branch of the philosophy of mind: speech acts are forms of human action and represent just one example of the mind's capacity to relate the human organism to the world. Intentionality is regarded as the crucial mental phenomenon in the study of this capacity of the mind and serves as the philosophical foundation for the speech act theory, together with the ideas of Network and Background.