闽台耕地非农化及关联因子的比较研究

A comparative analysis on non-agriculturalization of cultivated land and relevant factors between Fujian and Taiwan Provinces

土地利用/覆盖变化的区域对比分析被国际地理学联合会LUCC工作组列为2000～2004年期间的三大研究目标之一,闽台因其区域自然背景及历史文化的相似性和经济发展时序递差性成为区域对比研究的理想对象之一。利用闽台相关统计资料对比显示,福建1979～2001年与台湾1969～1998年的耕地非农化呈现周期性变化。对影响耕地非农化因子进行灰色关联分析,结果显示:人口增加及城市化水平提高、农业发展共同构成闽台耕地非农化的第一、二驱动因子;经济发展水平影响闽台耕地非农化的规模与利用效率,从同一时点比较,福建非农化土地利用效率远低于台湾,但就同处于工业化中期的发展阶段比较,福建非农化土地的利用效率明显高于台湾;农副产品的对外贸易量对台湾耕地非农化的影响强于福建。最后分析了闽台不同经济发展时期经济发展政策与土地管理法规对耕地非农化的影响。

The comparative analysis of LUCC in different regions was considered as an important research field during 2000-2004 by IGU-LUCC.Comparative study of LUCC between Fujian and Taiwan could be a good case for study because of their geographical proximity and historical, cultural similarity.Fujian and Taiwan had gone through and were in different economic development phases.By using the official statistics,quantitative changes of non-agriculturalization of cultivated land in Fujian and Taiwan were analyzed.The results showed that these two provinces seemed to have the same characteristics,i.e.,change in wave period.However,the frequency of changes of non-agriculturalization of cultivated land in Fujian was faster than in Taiwan.Additionally,the general tendency was increase in Fujian.At present study,the major relevant factors of non-agriculturalization of cultivated land changes in both provinces were an-alyzed in Grey Relational Grade,the conclusions were as the following.(1)The increasing demands for improving living standards,together with the development of the primary industry, constituted the first and the second indirect relevant factors.(2)The level of the economic development could affect the scale and the efficiency of the land uses for non-agricultural purpose.The utilized efficiency of built up areas in Fujian is far lower than Taiwan at the same time,but in the same period of industrialization the utilized efficiency of built up areas in Fujian is higher than Taiwan.(3)The exports of farm produce had greater impacts on the non-agriculturalized cultivated land changes in Taiwan than that in Fujian.At the end of this article,the influencing factors of economic policies and management regulations for land uses in different economic development phases were also analyzed.